Translations:SSO (версия для системного администратора)/2/en
All about SSO:
SSO (Single Sign-On) — is an authentication system that allows a user to log into multiple applications or services using a single set of credentials (usually a login and password). It simplifies the login process, reduces the number of passwords a user needs to remember, and enhances security by reducing risks associated with data breaches.
How SSO Works
SSO establishes a connection between an application and an external service provider, sometimes referred to as a user identifier (IdP). This linking is done through a series of authentication, verification, and binding actions between the application and the central SSO service. These are the key elements of the SSO system.
Central SSO Service
This service is primary for applications when a user attempts to log in. When an anonymous user tries to gain access, the application directs them to the SSO service. After authentication, the service returns the user to the requested application. This typically takes place on a dedicated SSO policy server.
SSO Token
The SSO token is an electronic document containing data that identifies the user, such as a username or email. When a user requests access, the application and the SSO service exchange this token to validate the user.
SSO Mechanism
When a user accesses an application, they initiate the creation of an SSO token, which is sent to the SSO service for verification. The service determines if the authentication process has previously been completed for this user. If the procedure was successful, the service confirms access for the application.
If the user does not have an account, the SSO service redirects them to the main login page, prompting them to enter their username and password.
After verifying the credentials, the service sends a positive response to the application.
Otherwise, an error notification appears, and the user is asked to try again. Multiple failed attempts may lead to temporary access suspension to the service.
SSO Protocols
SSO employs various protocols and standards to verify and authenticate users' credentials.
The primary ones are outlined below:
- SAML - a protocol for exchanging authentication information with an SSO service. Based on XML, it ensures high security as applications do not store user credentials.
- OAuth - an open standard allowing applications to access user data without transferring the password. It operates through API, establishing trust relationships between applications.
- OIDC - an approach where one set of credentials provides access to various sites. The service provider performs authentication, and applications request additional data to verify the user.
- Kerberos - an authentication system based on "tickets", protecting network participants' identities through cryptography.
